The Leptospirosis (Lepto) vaccine for dogs is controversial due to a historical, and sometimes ongoing, association with higher rates of adverse reactions (especially in small breeds) compared to other vaccines. While modern, refined vaccines have improved safety, debates persist regarding its relatively short-lived immunity, the need for annual boosters, and its inability to protect against all existing bacterial strains.

Why not get the Lepto vaccine for dogs?

The Vaccine Only Covers Four Strains

with canine disease in North America—but they're not the only ones. Because leptospirosis is evolving and varies by region and wildlife exposure, a dog can contract a strain not covered by the vaccine. Even vaccinated dogs can become infected, and vaccine protection is incomplete.

Is the lepto vaccine being discontinued?

From February 2025 the Canigen Lepto 2 vaccination will be discontinued by the manufacturer. We will be transitioning dogs who currently receive the Lepto 2 vaccination over to the Lepto 4 vaccination at the anniversary of their annual booster.

Can dogs get lepto from grass?

Yes, dogs can get Leptospirosis (Lepto) from eating or licking grass, dirt, or puddles contaminated with the urine of infected wild animals like rats, raccoons, or deer, as the bacteria live in moist environments and spread through urine. Contact with contaminated water, soil, or even licking contaminated paws after walking outside are common infection routes, making vaccination a key prevention strategy against this serious, potentially fatal bacterial disease.
 

What state has the most leptospirosis?

In the United States, 100-200 cases of leptospirosis are identified annually, with about 50% of the cases occurring in Hawaii.

Major Changes to Dog Vaccines in 2025: Dr. Jones' Take on NECESSARY Leptospirosis Vaccine

Can lepto vaccine make dogs sick?

The most common mild symptoms that dogs experience related to the Leptospirosis vaccine are sleepiness, soreness at the site of the injection, and mild loss of appetite. You should be concerned if you notice severe symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, panting, shaking, pale gums, or collapse.

What time of year is leptospirosis in dogs?

When do infections usually occur? Most leptospirosis cases are reported from May to January, with spikes from August to October. Owners of infected dogs often report their pet was exposed to puddles, which typically occur following heavy rainfall and may be contaminated with Leptospira.

Which dog vaccines cause the most reactions?

Most Common Vaccine Reactions in Dogs

• Canine Distemper Vaccine. Canine distemper virus is a contagious and potentially life-threatening virus. ...
• Canine Parvovirus Vaccine. Canine parvovirus is another highly contagious virus that can cause nasal disease in dogs. ...
• Rabies Vaccine. ...
• Lyme Vaccine.

Which dog vaccines are absolutely necessary?

Absolutely necessary dog vaccines (core vaccines) protect against deadly, common diseases and include Rabies, Canine Distemper (D), Adenovirus (Hepatitis - H), Parainfluenza (P), and Parvovirus (P), often combined as DHPP or DAPP, plus Leptospirosis, depending on location/risk. These are essential for all dogs due to the severity and prevalence of these illnesses, with Rabies often legally required.

Are vets stopping Lepto 2?

Transition to the Leptospirosis 4 Vaccine for Your Dog

We have seen several cases recently, so it is a very threat to our pets. We want to inform you that our vaccine manufacturer is discontinuing the Lepto 2 (L2) vaccine. All dogs will now start on or transition to the Lepto 4 (L4) vaccine.

What is the 3 2 1 rule for vaccines?

The "3-2-1" rule is a guideline for monitoring lumps at feline vaccination sites, indicating a lump needs veterinary investigation if it's still present 3 months after vaccination, is larger than 2 cm, or is growing larger 1 month after appearing. This rule helps identify potentially dangerous injection-site sarcomas, rare tumors that can develop in cats, prompting biopsies for suspicious masses. 

Is the dog lepto vaccine being recalled?

Reason for voluntary recall: This product recall for Treidlia Auslepto Vaccine for dogs has been initiated due to reports of adverse reactions associated with batch number BN23-126.

Is Lepto a required dog vaccine now?

As of 2024, the leptospirosis vaccine is considered a core vaccine for dogs. This means it's now recommended for all dogs, regardless of lifestyle.

What happens if my dog misses a Lepto booster?

Sometimes, dogs may miss a booster shot. If more than 18 months have passed since your dog's last leptospirosis vaccine, your veterinarian will likely recommend restarting the two-dose series. This is not an “extra” vaccination. It's simply the safest way to re-establish protection so your dog isn't left vulnerable.

Can dogs get Lepto from eating grass?

Yes, dogs can get Leptospirosis (Lepto) from eating or licking grass, dirt, or puddles contaminated with the urine of infected wild animals like rats, raccoons, or deer, as the bacteria live in moist environments and spread through urine. Contact with contaminated water, soil, or even licking contaminated paws after walking outside are common infection routes, making vaccination a key prevention strategy against this serious, potentially fatal bacterial disease.
 

Why is my dog shaking after the Lepto vaccine?

Fever: Some dogs develop a low-grade fever after vaccination, which can cause shivering. Mild Allergic Reaction: A slight allergic reaction can cause your dog to feel unwell and shake. Normal Immune Response: The shaking could be part of your dog's immune response to the vaccine.

How do I get rid of leptospirosis in my yard?

Any areas where the dog has urinated should be disinfected. The organism is readily killed by household disinfectants or dilute bleach solution.

Can dogs get Lepto from lake water?

All dogs are at risk of leptospirosis, regardless of age, breed, lifestyle, geographic location, time of year, and other factors. The following situations can increase that risk: Exposure to or drinking from slow-moving or stagnant water sources, like ponds, rivers, lakes, or streams.

Which animal gives you leptospirosis?

Leptospirosis is spread in the pee of infected animals, most commonly rats, mice, cows, pigs and dogs.

Can dogs get sick from rat droppings?

Leptospirosis can be transmitted from rats to dogs through contact with infected urine, which your dog might have encountered while sniffing around in their solid waste. Lepto is potentially deadly and transmissible to humans, though it is not prevalent in all areas, so this risk varies with your location.

---